Paivio, Yuille & Madigan Word Pool — Paivio • WordPools

The Paivio, Yuille & Madigan (1968) word pool contains 925 nouns, together with average ratings of these words on imagery, concreteness and meaningfulness, along with other variables.

Usage

data(Paivio)

Format

A data frame with 925 observations on the following 9 variables.

itmno: item number
word: the word
imagery: imagery rating
concreteness: concreteness rating
meaningfulness: meaningfulness rating
frequency: word frequency, from the Kucera-Francis norms
syl: number of syllables
letters: number of letters
freerecall: Free recall proportion, added from Christian et al (1978)

Details

The freerecall variable has 27 NAs.

Source

Paivio, A., Yuille, J.C. & Madigan S. Concreteness, imagery and meaningfulness for 925 nouns. Journal of Experimental Psychology, Monograph Supplement, 1968, 76, No.1, pt.2.

Christian, J., Bickley, W., Tarka, M., & Clayton, K. (1978). Measures of free recall of 900 English nouns: Correlations with imagery, concreteness, meaningfulness, and frequency. Memory & Cognition, 6, 379-390.

References

Kucera and Francis, W.N. (1967). Computational Analysis of Present-Day American English. Providence: Brown University Press.

Rubin, D. C. & Friendly, M. (1986). Predicting which words get recalled: Measures of free recall, availability, goodness, emotionality, and pronunciability for 925 nouns. Memory and Cognition, 14, 79-94.

Examples

data(Paivio)
summary(Paivio)
#>      itmno         word              imagery       concreteness  
#>  Min.   :  1   Length:925         Min.   :1.630   Min.   :1.180  
#>  1st Qu.:232   Class :character   1st Qu.:3.800   1st Qu.:3.110  
#>  Median :463   Mode  :character   Median :5.170   Median :5.720  
#>  Mean   :463                      Mean   :4.968   Mean   :4.956  
#>  3rd Qu.:694                      3rd Qu.:6.270   3rd Qu.:6.690  
#>  Max.   :925                      Max.   :6.900   Max.   :7.700  
#>                                                                  
#>  meaningfulness    frequency           syl           letters     
#>  Min.   :1.920   Min.   :  0.00   Min.   :1.000   Min.   : 3.00  
#>  1st Qu.:5.220   1st Qu.:  4.00   1st Qu.:2.000   1st Qu.: 5.00  
#>  Median :5.920   Median : 21.00   Median :2.000   Median : 7.00  
#>  Mean   :5.892   Mean   : 31.89   Mean   :2.278   Mean   : 6.91  
#>  3rd Qu.:6.640   3rd Qu.: 50.00   3rd Qu.:3.000   3rd Qu.: 8.00  
#>  Max.   :9.220   Max.   :100.00   Max.   :5.000   Max.   :14.00  
#>                                                                  
#>    freerecall    
#>  Min.   :0.0620  
#>  1st Qu.:0.2810  
#>  Median :0.4060  
#>  Mean   :0.3979  
#>  3rd Qu.:0.5000  
#>  Max.   :0.8440  
#>  NA's   :27      
plot(Paivio[,c(3:5,9)])


# density plots

plotDensity(Paivio, "imagery")

plotDensity(Paivio, "concreteness")

plotDensity(Paivio, "meaningfulness")

plotDensity(Paivio, "frequency")

plotDensity(Paivio, "syl")

plotDensity(Paivio, "letters")

plotDensity(Paivio, "freerecall")




# find ranges & 5 num summaries
ranges <- as.data.frame(apply(Paivio[,-(1:2)], 2, function(x) range(na.omit(x))))
rownames(ranges) <- c("min", "max")
ranges
#>     imagery concreteness meaningfulness frequency syl letters freerecall
#> min    1.63         1.18           1.92         0   1       3      0.062
#> max    6.90         7.70           9.22       100   5      14      0.844

P5num <- as.data.frame(apply(Paivio[,3:5], 2, fivenum))
rownames(P5num) <- c("min", "Q1", "med", "Q3", "max")
P5num
#>     imagery concreteness meaningfulness
#> min    1.63         1.18           1.92
#> Q1     3.80         3.11           5.22
#> med    5.17         5.72           5.92
#> Q3     6.27         6.69           6.64
#> max    6.90         7.70           9.22